Amanita muscaria

Amanita muscaria is a species of fungus native to Earth and other planets. It is a psychotropic and poisonous species of mushroom, recognizable by its red cap and white spots.

The Amanita genus includes many poisonous and deadly varieties. Most deaths from eating mushrooms come from eating this type. 

The sentient Planet 656 natives are reminiscent of five-foot-tall Amanita muscaria. 

History
In 2273, Hikaru Sulu identified a variety of Amanita muscaria with unique bioluminescence and enormous size on the planet Abaris. They were cultivated underground by Abaris natives within an ancient pyramid along with several other species he recognized. 

In 2369, Starfleet Academy survival training included repeated drills on which mushrooms to avoid eating, emphasizing the Amanita family. 

In 2371 on USS Voyager's holodeck, The Doctor picked some Amanita muscaria during a Beowulf simulation.