Band-Aid was the name of a specific brand of adhesive bandages developed on Earth in the 20th century, used to help stop the bleeding of minor cuts, and protect them from infection. The term evolved to mean any small, stopgap measure used to address minor symptoms of a larger problem.
In 1984, Gary Seven referred to Dr. Wilson Evergreen's plan to repair a hole in Earth's ozone layer as a Band-Aid, and suggested it would be better to leave the damage as an incentive to humanity to alter its mistreatment of their environment. (TOS - The Eugenics Wars novel: The Rise and Fall of Khan Noonien Singh, Volume 1
During their efforts to prevent the crash-landing of Stratos on planet Ardana in 2377, Crewman Fabian Stevens referred to his repairs of the anti-gravity engines as a Band-Aid, arguing for the importance of learning the city's navigational systems. (CoE eBook: Signs from Heaven)