The Ethan Report was a notorious report alleged to have been produced by a secret Federation High Commission in the early 23rd century.
The report discussed ongoing problems with enforcing Federation law on Orions and dealing with the Botchok Planetary Congress, the government of the Orion homeworld of Botchok. The Ethan Report recommended a policy of "containment" to limit Orion influence in the Federation. The language was particularly harsh, describing Orions as "barbarous atavisms", and it claimed that they were seeking "mastery of the Federation monetary system" via "bribery, blackmail, coercion by force up to and including piratical attacks in Federation space".
On reference stardate 1/3611.20 (c. 2209) the Ethan Report was leaked to the public through Botchok. The report was a scandal for the Federation, but deeply offended many Orions, who considered it akin to a declaration of war. Federation–Orion relations plummeted to their lowest point yet. Shortly after the leaking, Orions increased trade with the Klingon Empire (FASA RPG module: The Orions: Book of Common Knowledge).