Mars

The planet Mars.

Mars is the fourth planet in the Sol system and a Federation Member State.

Mars was first colonized by Humans in 2103, and established as a colony of United Earth. In the mid-22nd Century, however, a general uprising occured in support of Martian sovereignty and independence. (Rogue) This movement culminated with the drafting of the Fundamental Declarations of the Martian Colonies, which became one of the most important documents addressing individual rights in Federation history. (TOS episode: "Court Martial") Mars eventually gained independence from United Earth and later became a Federation Member State in its own right by 2286. (TNG novel: The Genesis Wave: Book I)

In 2155, Mars was the site of the Verteron Array, a powerful device designed to keep asteroids and other planetoids away from Earth and other important locales in the Sol system. That year, the anti-alien terrorist group known as Terra Prime attempted to hijack the array to destroy the headquarters complex of the United Earth Starfleet in order to force all non-Humans out of the Sol system. The attempt failed with the intervention of the crew of Enterprise NX-01. (ENT episodes: "Demons," "Terra Prime")

As part of Humans' colonization efforts, Mars was in te process of being terraformed in the mid-22nd century, by redirecting comets to impact the planet and release their frozen gases into the thin Martian atmosphere. ("Terra Prime") By the 24th century, there was breathable atmosphere outside of enclosed habitats. (VOY episode: "Lifesigns")

Mars is the location of the city of Utopia Planitia, and Starfleet's Utopia Planitia Fleet Yards. (VOY episode: "The 37s;" TNG episode: "Encounter At Farpoint".)

Notable Martians

• Members of Jean-Luc Picard's family were among the early Martian settlers. (movie: Star Trek: Generations)
• Starfleet Lieutenant Mira Romaine was born at Martian Colony 3. (TOS episode: "The Lights of Zetar")
• Doctor Simon Tarses was a native of the Martian Colonies. (TNG episode: "The Drumhead")
• Jaresh-Inyo, former President of the United Federation of Planets (and native of Grazer) retired to Mars after leaving office in 2372, and was buried there following his death in 2380. (novel: Articles of the Federation)
• Leah Brahms and Benjamin Sisko resided on Mars while stationed at Utopia Planitia.
• Sean Hawk, former fight controller of the USS Enterprise-E.
• Ensign Vanessa Theriault of the USS Sagittarius

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