Newton II was a planet of the Federation and an academic center. Its estimated population was 500,000.
It was the host planet of the Hawking Conference.
According to a Starfleet Academy simulator scenario, USS Excalibur delivered Dr. Hungi to the Conference, and in the meantime encountered Harry Mudd in his freighter Stella, chased by the Venturi for stealing precious artifats from them.
Mudd requested the Excalibur to be towed to Mocra. (TOS video game: Starfleet Academy Starship Bridge Simulator)