Rota Province was an area on Bajor.
During the Occupation of Bajor, circa 2360, Cardassians learned that Salbhai and her resistance cell were in Rota Province and shelled it for forty days with surface launched warheads. Salbhai and her fighters were among the eleven thousand Bajoran people killed. Rota Province was restored with help from the Federation when the Occupation ended, but for many years it was a wasteland. (DS9 - Day of Honor novel: Armageddon Sky)