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The Treaty of Algeron was a diplomatic peace treaty signed between the United Federation of Planets and the Romulan Star Empire.

Background

The treaty was signed on the planet Algeron IV in early April 2311, two months after the Tomed Incident and approximately 160 years after the Earth-Romulan War. (TNG episode: "The Pegasus")

Representing the Federation was Ambassador Paulo Endara, a Human male. Representing the Romulan Star Empire was Ambassador Gell Kamemor, a Romulan female. Representing the Klingon Empire was Ambassador Kage, a Klingon male.

As of stardate 41986.0, Starfleet and/or the Federation had no contact with the Romulans for 53 years, 7 months, and 18 days (TNG episode: "The Neutral Zone"). This stardate correlates to 26th December 2364 on a 1,000 stardates to 365 days system, which means they last communicate with the Romulan government on the 8th May 2311.
This contact could be when the Treaty of Algeron is signed, or during the month after the signing to allow for diplomats, trade representatives, and other Romulan citizens to be recalled from Federation and Klingon space.
Assuming the latter, the Treaty of Algeron is signed and ratified around the first week of April 2311. This places the Tomed Incident around the first week of February 2311.

The treaty reinforced the Romulan Neutral Zone and stated the grounds that would result in the violation by either side which could be considered an act of war. One of the stipulatons of the treaty was an express prohibition of the development of cloaking technology by Starfleet. (TNG episodes: "The Defector", "The Pegasus")

A secret amendment was made to the treaty in 2371 which allowed limited use of cloaking devices by the Federation as long as it was supervised by a Romulan military officer. This allowed the USS Defiant to be loaned a cloaking device for its operations against the Dominion. However, the amendment stated that only a single Defiant-class vessel was allowed the use of the cloaking device and only in the Gamma Quadrant (DS9 novelization: The Search)

History

In 2358, Admiral Erik Pressman attempted to circumvent the Treaty of Algeron by attempting to create an Interphase cloaking device which was secretly developed by Starfleet Intelligence which was tested on the USS Pegasus. (TNG episode: "The Pegasus")

In 2371, the USS Defiant was deployed at Deep Space 9 for operations against the Dominion and the use of the cloaking device was overseen by Subcommander T'Rul of the Romulan Star Empire. (DS9 novelization: The Search))

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